| DEGREES | DISCIPLINE | INSTITUTION | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ph.D. | History | The Ohio State University | 1997 |
| M. A. | History, Cum Laude | North Carolina Central University | 1990 |
| B. A. | Political Science | North Carolina Central University | 1988 |
| RANK/POSITION | DEPARTMENT/DIVISION | INSTITUTION/COMPANY/ORGANIZATION | PERIOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Associate Professor | Department of History | The University of Memphis | 2003-Present |
| Associate Professor | Center for International Studies, Middle East Partnership Initiative | The University of Delaware, Sponsored by the United States Department of State | 2006 - Present |
| Associate Professor, Director, African-American Studies | Department of History and the African-American Studies Program | Bradley University | 2001-2003 |
| Visiting Professor | History Programs of Community Colleges, and Public and Private Universities of Central Illinois. | Central Illinois Higher Education Consortium | 1997-1998 |
| Assistant Professor, Director, African-American Studies | Department of History and the African-American Studies Program | Bradley University | 1997-2001 |
| Faculty Research Mentor | Department of History | Bradley University | 1996-2003 |
| Instructor, Director, African-American Studies | Department of History and the African-American Studies Program | Bradley University | 1995-1997 |
| Teaching Assistant | Department of History | The Ohio State University | 1994-1995 |
| Instructor | History summer program for youth | Afro-American Cultural Center of Charlotte, NC | Summer 1994 |
| Visiting Instructor | Department of History | North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University | 1993-1994 |
| Bridge Counselor/Coordinator | Upward Bound Program | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Summer 1992 |
| Graduate Research Assistant | Department of History - Dr. John C. Burnham, Distinguished Professor of Medical History | The Ohio State University | 1992 |
| Graduate Resident Assistant | Housing and Residential Life | The Ohio State University | 1991-1993 |
| Summer Intern | Overseas Briefing Center, Foreign Service Institute | United States Department of State | Summer 1991 |
| Teaching Assistant | Department of History | The Ohio State University | 1990-1993 |
| Summer Intern | Overseas Briefing Center, Foreign Service Institute | United States Department of State | Summer 1990 |
| Bridge Counselor/Coordinator | Upward Bound Program | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Summer 1989 |
| Graduate Resident Assistant | Housing and Residential Life | North Carolina Central University | 1989-90 |
| Graduate Research Assistant | Department of History - Dr. Sylvia Jacobs, Distinguished Professor of African History | North Carolina Central University | 1989 |
| Teaching Associate | Department of History | North Carolina Central University | 1988-90 |
| Officer Candidate | Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (AFROTC) | Detachment 585, North Carolina Central University and Duke University | 1983 -1986 |
| HONOR/AWARD | INSTITUTION/COMPANY/ORGANIZATION | YEAR |
|---|---|---|
| Awarded Sabbatical Leave (Professional Development Assignment) | University of Memphis | 2008-09 |
| Nominated for the Igniting Excitement Award | University of Memphis | 2008 |
| Faculty Research Grant | College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Memphis | 2007 |
| Re-nominated for Membership in the Leadership Memphis Executive Program | Leadership Memphis | 2007 |
| Outstanding Service Award | Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis | 2006 |
| Nominated for Membership in the Leadership Memphis Executive Program | Leadership Memphis | 2006 |
| Nominated to participate in the Assessment of Doctorate Programs nationally | National Research Council | 2006 |
| Donovan Travel Award | College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Memphis | 2003-2008 |
| The Joel Williamson Research Fellowship | The Southern Historical Collection, UNC Chapel Hill | 2003-2004 |
| Andrew W. Mellon Fellowship | Library Company of Philadelphia and the Historical Society of Pennsylvania | 2003-2004 |
| Mellon Research Fellowship | Virginia Historical Society | 2003-2004 |
| The Gilder Lehrman Fellowship | The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History | 2003-2004 |
| Awarded The Focus Fellowship | The Georgia Institute of Technology | Spring 2002 |
| Re-nominated for Samuel Rothenberg Award for the Professional Excellence | Bradley University | 2002 |
| Awarded Sabbatical Leave | Bradley University | 2001-02 |
| Nominated for Samuel Rothenberg Award for the Professional Excellence | Bradley University | 2001 |
| The Archie K. Davis Fellowship | The North Caroliniana Society | 2000 |
| Inducted into African-American Hall of Fame Museum | African-American Hall of Fame Museum, Peoria, IL | 1999 |
| Certificate of Appreciation, For Support of Civil Rights Activities at the USDA, ARS | United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL | 1997 |
| Volunteer Award for teaching in the ILR Program | Institute for Learning in Retirement, Bradley University | 1996 - 2003 |
| First year Faculty Teaching Award | Bradley University | 1996 |
| Award for Volunteer service at the Illinois River Correctional Center | Illinois Department of Corrections | 1995 -2003 |
| Special Award for writing "A History of the Overseas Briefing Center" | Foreign Service Institute, United States Department of State | 1990 |
| Outstanding Service Award | Foreign Service Institute, United States Department of State | 1990 |
| Graduated Cum Laude | North Carolina Central University, Department of History | 1990 |
| Outstanding Service Award, As President of the NCCU, GSA | North Carolina Central University, Graduate Students Association | 1990 |
| Inducted into Phi Alpha Theta, National Honor Society for History | North Carolina Central University, Department of History | 1990 |
| Inducted into Pi Gamma Mu, National Honor Society for the Social Sciences | North Carolina Central University, Department of History | 1990 |
| Outstanding Service Award, As Business Manager, Graduate Students Association | North Carolina Central University, Graduate Students Association | 1989 |
| Outstanding Service Award, As Upward Bound Bridge Counselor/Coordinator | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Upward Bound Program | 1989 |
| 2nd Place Winner Essay Contest | North Carolina Central University | 1987 |
| Outstanding Service Award | North Carolina Central University, Concert and Touring Choirs | 1987 |
| Inducted into the Arnold Air Society | AFROTC Detachment 585, North Carolina Central University/Duke University | 1985 |
| Member of Color Guard | AFROTC Detachment 585, North Carolina Central University/Duke University | 1985 |
| Volunteer Award, For Helping Hurricane victims in Wilmington, North Carolina | American Red Cross | 1985 |
| SUBJECT | INSTITUTION |
|---|---|
| HIST 8890 - Readings For Comps (G) (for Ph. D. Students) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 8012 - Independent Readings (G) (for Ph.D. students) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 7996 - Thesis (G) (M.A. students) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 7070 - Research Seminar (G) (for M.A. students) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 7012 - Directed Readings (G) (for M.A, students) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 7883/8883 - Studies in African-American History to 1820 (G) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 7881/8881 - Readings in African-American History to 1865 (G) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 7880/8880 - African-American Historiography (G) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 4941/6941 - History of the American Indian (U) (G) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 4881/6881 - African-American History (U) (G) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 4879/6879 - Africans in America to 1820 (U) (G) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 4053 -The African Diaspora (U) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 3881 - A Survey of African-American History (U) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 2010 - United States Before 1877 (U) | University of Memphis |
| HIST 305 - American Indian History (U) | Bradley University |
| AAS 210 -African-American Studies 1619-Present (U) | Bradley University |
| HIST 406 - Independent Study (U) | Bradley University |
| HIST 204 -American Civilization Since1877 (U) | Bradley University |
| HIST 405 -Independent Reading (U) | Bradley University |
| HIST 203 -American Civilization to 1877 (U) | Bradley University |
| AAS 211 -African-American History Since 1877 (new course) (U) | Bradley University |
| AAS 210 -African-American History to 1877 (new course redesigned from old 210) (U) | Bradley University |
| AAS 215 -African-American Culture and Values (U) | Bradley University |
| AAS 300 -Contemporary Issues in African-American Studies (U) | Bradley University |
| LAS 101 -History of Bradley University (new course to help celebrate University's Centenial) (U) | Bradley University |
| ILR -Institute for Learning in Retirement Classes: History of the Civil War, Pre-Revolutionary American History, Post- Revolutionary America, Revolutionary America to the Civil War, America Since the Civil War, United States History from World War I to | Bradley University |
| HIST 311 -Afro-American History Since 1877 (U) | N. C. A & T State University |
| HIST 310 -African-American History to to 1877 (U) | N. C. A & T State University |
| HIST 101 -World Civilization II (U) | N. C. A & T State University |
| HIST 100 -World Civilization I (U) | N. C. A & T State University |
| HIST 152 -American Civilization since 1877 (U) | The Ohio State University - Teaching Assistant |
| HIST 151 -American Civilization to 1877 (U) | The Ohio State University - Teaching Assistant |
| HIST 3520 -African-American History Since 1865 (U) | N.C. Central University, Teaching Assistant |
| HIST 3510 -African-American History to 1865 (U) | N.C. Central University - Teaching Assistant |
| HIST 2220 -United States History Since 1865 (U) | N.C. Central University, Teaching Assistant |
| HIST 2210 -United States History to 1865 (U) | N.C. Central University, Teaching Assistant |
| CURRENT DEGREE | NAME | YEAR OF GRADUATION |
|---|---|---|
| Undergraduate - Honors Student (2007) | Michael Meuller | |
| Undergraduate - Honors Student (2005) | Elizabeth Metcalf | |
| Undergraduate - Honors Student (2008) | Tallulah Campbell | 2008 |
| Undergraduate - Honors Works in Progress (2008) | Tullulah Campbell | 2008 |
| Undergraduate | James Neil Umsted | |
| Masters | Sharon Bynum | 2004 |
| Masters | Phillip Raymond | 2008 |
| Masters | Armanthia Duncan | 2008 |
| Masters - President, Graduate Association of African-American History (2007-8) | Armanthia Duncan | |
| Doctoral - Former President, Graduate Association of African-American History (2004-5) | Reginald Ellis | |
| Doctoral - Former President, Graduate Association of African-American History (2005-6) | Thomas Young | |
| Doctoral - Former President, Graduate Association of African-American History (2006-7) | Shirletta Kinchen | |
| Doctoral - TA (2007-8) | Sheena Harris | |
| Doctoral (2003) | Gary Edwards | |
| Doctoral | Brian Fouchet | |
| Doctoral | Preston Hardy | |
| Doctoral | Thomas Young | |
| Doctoral | Maurice Brown | |
| Doctoral | Darryl Carter | |
| Doctoral | Pam Brown | |
| Doctoral | Elton Weaver | 2007 |
| Postdoctoral | Elton Weaver | 2007 - 2008 |
| Postdoctoral | Aram Goudsouzian | 2004 -2008 |
Archived Papers, Oral Interviews, Photos and Other Documents:
"The Wylie Family Papers" Helped to create new manuscript collection which includes pictures, letters, and other documents from late 19th and early 20th century central and southern Illinois. Collection accepted and now housed in the Southern Historical Collection at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Copies of material on disk are also housed in Bradley University's Special Collections. Gifted in 2002-2003.
Digitized and organized over 700 photographs of African Americans from annuals, yearbooks, newspaper, private collections of local residents and and photographic archives of Bradley University's Special Collections and the Peoria, Illinois Public Library. Collection of CDs were produced containing photographs, and drawings of African American from 1829 to 2001. Copies of CDs are in my possession, and are also housed by Bradley University's Special Collections, and the Peoria Public Library. Photos are now available for scholars doing work on African-Americans in Peoria, and Central Illinois. Work Completed in 2001.
"The Bart F. Smallwood Papers," (over 5,000 items) the personal papers of Bart F. Smallwood of Indian Woods, North Carolina, who was founder and president of the Blue Jay Ball Club, Blue Jay Recreation Center, and the Blue Jay Volunteer Fire Department. Papers include over one hundred photographs from the 1920s to 1995, and recorded interviews. Papers accepted and housed by the Manuscripts Department, Southern Historical Collection, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, copyright 1997. (for inventory of collection online see http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/inv/s/Smallwood,Bart_F.html)
Books
Mapping Colonial American
History. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005.Mapping Native-American History. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005.
Mapping African-American History. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Bertie County: An Eastern Carolina History. Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002.
Blacks at Bradley: 1897 to 2000. Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2001.
The Atlas of African-American History and Politics: From the Slave Trade to Modern Times. Boston: McGraw Hill, 1998.
Book Review
1998 - The Afro-American in New York City, 1827-1860. George E. Walker. (New York and London: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1993. Pp. ix, 227.) New York History LXXIX no. 2 (April 1998): 175.
Related Scholarly References to my Research and Specialization
2009 - John Hope Franklin, From Slavery to Freedom. New York, McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2009. The leading text book for African-American History is supported by my book The Atlas of African-American History and Politics From the Slave Trade to Modern Times. Digital version of maps from the atlas can be accessed on line using a special CD and web based site provided by McGraw-Hill. When instructors from around the world use these works to teach African-American History they are allowed access to this site.
2007 - Ariela J. Gross Of Portuguese Origin": Litigating Identity and Citizenship among the "Little Races" in Nineteenth-Century America" Law and History Review Fall 2007, vol. 25, no. 3
2004 - Lisa Bier, American Indian and African American People Communities and Interactions. New York, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004. Mrs. Bier cites my work on Africans, Native Americans, and Whites,
2000 - Darlene Clark Hine, The African-American Odyssey. New York, Prentice Hall Press, 2000. Text book for African-American History was influenced by my book The Atlas of African-American History and Politics From the Slave Trade to Modern Times inspired maps for book and several of my originals are used and cited in the work.
2000 - Reviewed a new American History textbook titled Created Equal for Addison Wesley Longman, Summer 2000.
1999 - Appointed to the Editorial Advisory Board for Annual Editions: African-American History, edited by Rodney Coates, University of Miami, McGraw Hill, 1999.
1999 - Appointed to the Editorial Advisory Board for A Turbulent Voyage: Readings in African-American Studies, edited by Floyd W. Hayes, III, Purdue University, Collegiate Press, 1999.
1999 - Consultant to Ms. Venita Peyton on the authenticity of and significance of historical papers concerning General George S. Patton, and his relationship with Master Sergeant George Meeks, Durham, NC, 1999.
A History of Native American and African Relations From 1502 to 1900," Negro History Bulletin, December 2000.
Developing T. V. Documentary titled "Indian Woods at The Crossroads of Three Cultures"
2008-Presented a Paper at the Iroquois Conference titled, "A History of the 6th Iroquois Nation: The Tuscarora," The Rensselaerville Institute, Rensselaerville, New York, October 3-5, 2008
2007 - Presented a paper at the New World Cartographies: Mapping America, 1500-1776 Conference sponsored by the Rothermere American Institute, University of Oxford and the American Museum in Britain titled, “Mapping Red, Black and White in America: Documenting Through Maps the Merging on Native American, African and English Cultures, 1584-1776,” Bath, England, November 2-3, 2007
2007 - Presented a paper at the 92nd Annual Meeting of the Association for the Study of African-American Life and History (ASALH) titled, “North Carolina’s Forgotten Past: Indian Woods, North Carolina and the Merging of Indian, Black and White Peoples from 1584 to the Present,” Charlotte, NC, October 4, 2007
2006 - Organized a session for the annual meeting of the Association for the Study of African-American Life and History titled “Indian Woods.”
2006 - Chaired panel entitled, "Race in History: Policing, Containment, Discipline" at First Annual Scholars in Critical Race Studies Conference, entitled, "Naming Race, Naming Racism." Sponsored by Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change, Bornblum Judaic Studies, and the College of Arts and Sciences Academic Enrichment Funds
2006 - Presented a paper at the meeting of the Association for the Study of African-American Life and History (ASALH) titled “ Red, Black, and White: The Influence of Native Americans and Europeans on the Development of the African-American Community,” September 30, 2006
2005 - Presented paper and served on the Local Arrangements committee for the Tennessee Conference of Historians, 2005.
2003 - Organized session for the Southern Historical Association titled "The Forgotten people of Dixie: The Legal and Historical Origins of the South's Tri-Racial People" and presented paper tilted "The Tuscarora of North Carolina and the Origins of America's First Tri-Racial People." Houston, TX
2003 - Presented paper titled "Rural Blacks in Eastern North Carolina During and Since the Civil Rights Movement: A Case Study of Bertie County, North Carolina 1954-2002," Southern Conference On African American Studies Incorporated, February 21, 2003
2003 - Served as a commenter for the Fifth Annual Graduate Students Conference in African American History, held at the University of Memphis
2003 - Moderated a session titled "African-American History," for the 25th Annual Mid-America Historical conference held at The University of Memphis, September 19, 2003
1999 - Presented paper titled, "Teaching Late Nineteenth Century African-American History with Maps," for the 1999 meeting of the Organization of American Historians, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1998 - Organized session titled "Teaching the African Diaspora Through Maps: A New Approach to Integrating African-American History into the Curriculum," for the meeting of the Organization of American Historians, Indianapolis, IN, April 2-5, 1998
1997 - Attended the Berlin-Prague Seminar, a two-week seminar of scholars from around the country who study German and/or Modern European History. One week is spent in Berlin, Germany and the Second in Prague, The Czech Republic, June 19 - July 5, 1997
1996 - Life in the Rural South during the Civil Rights Movement: A Case Study of Indian Woods from 1957 to 1990," National Association of African-American Studies and National Association of Hispanic and Latino Studies, National Conference, Houston TX, February 15, 1996
1996 - "Overcoming the Legacy of Plessey: Indian Woods and the Struggle for Civil Rights 1960-1980," North Carolina Central University, The Helen Edmonds New South Conference and Lecture Series, Durham NC, March 23, 1996
1996 - "African-American Activists in the Rural South: Indian Woods and Its Struggle to Overcome Jim Crow 1957-1990," Purdue University, The Annual Symposium on African-American Culture and Philosophy, West Lafayette, IN, March 30, 1996
1996 - "Every Man Carrying His Corner: Indian Woods and the Civil Rights Movement 1957 to 1985," Towson State University, Annual Multidisciplinary Conference On The Scholarship and Creativity of African Americans, Towson, MD, April 24, 1996
1996 - "Indian Woods: African-American History and Culture as Expressed Through Its Rural Landscape," the 81st annual meeting of the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, Charleston, SC, October 2-6, 1996
1996 - Organized session titled "The Historical and Contemporary Impact of the Landscape on African-American Families and Communities," for the 81st annual meeting of the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, Charleston, SC, October 2-6, 1996
1995 - "The Black Communities of Bertie County North Carolina: A Case Study of Indian Woods from 1960 to 1993," African-American Landscape Symposium, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, April 7, 1995
1994 - "Defining the African-American Landscape Past and Present," Discussion Panel Member, African-American Landscape Symposium, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, April 7, 1994
1994 - "Origins of American Slavery," African-American Landscape Symposium, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, April 6, 1994
2008 - Presented a paper at Historic Hope House titled, “Mapping the Multi-Ethnic and Cultural Heritage of African Americans in Bertie County,” Windsor, NC, February 2, 2008.
2007 - Presented "Indian Woods: 400 Years of Recorded History" to Board of Directors of Historic Hope Foundation discussing potential for NEH funding for Indian Woods Project, April 16, 2007
2005 - Presented "Mapping Native-American History and Integrating it into the American History Curriculum" at lecture series hosted by Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change and UNESCO Transatlantic Slave Trade Education Project
2005 - Presented "Mapping African-American History and Integrating it into the American History Curriculum" at lecture series hosted by Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change and UNESCO Transatlantic Slave Trade Education Project
2004 - Spoke for Black History Month at the Federal Correctional Institute in Memphis titled “Black History: Reflections of the Past, A Look at the Present, and A Glimpse of the Future” February 26, 2004
2003 - Presented Paper titled, "African Americans, Native Americans, and Europeans in the Making of a Rural Community: Bertie County, North Carolina" Clark Atlanta University, Department of History, February 10, 2003
2003 - Presented paper titled "Africans among the First Nation" for the High School Scholar Seminar, The University of Memphis, November 13, 2003
2002 - Presented lecture titled, "Relations Between Africans and Indians in Colonial North Carolina, 1586-1803" for the Department of History at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, February 12, 2002
1997 - Moderated and opened the African American Landscape Symposium which was added for the first time to the annual national meeting of the Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture, co-hosted by the School of Design, Department of Landscape Architecture at North Carolina State University and the School of Agriculture, Department of Plant Science, Landscape Architecture Program, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Asheville, NC, September 11-13, 1997
1997 - Invited speaker for the Bradley University Conference. Spoke on "The History of People of Color at Bradley University" in celebration of Bradley University's Centennial, Peoria, IL, August 19, 1997
1996 - "African-American Studies: An Overview of Bradley's Program," Academic Planning Committee of the Bradley University Board of Trustees, Oak Brook, IL, June 21, 1996
1996 - "Indian Woods: African-American History and Culture as Expressed Through Its Rural Landscape," the Brown Bag Series, African-American Studies and Research Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, September 30, 1996
1995 - "Indian Woods: The Struggle, Triumph, and Tragedy of an African-American Community in the Rural South from 1960 to 1993," Faculty Lecture Series, Bradley University, Peoria, IL, October 26, 1995
1990 - "A History of the Overseas Briefing Center," (Organizational History), Overseas Briefing Center, Foreign Service Institute, United States Department of State, Washington, DC, September 9, 1990
1990 - "Impact of Integration on Black Students and Administrators in North Carolina," Institute on Desegregation, Durham, NC, April 10, 1990
2008 - Hosted a table for "Great Conversations" a fund rasing event for the College of Art and Sciences at the University of Memphis titled "Mapping Red Black and White" March 27, 2008
2007 - Served as a commentator for the 9th annual Graduate Conference on African American History, University of Memphis, September 12-13, 2007
2006 - Served as a commentator for the 8th annual Graduate Conference on African American History, University of Memphis, September 13 -15, 2006
2005 - Served as a commentator for the 7th annual Graduate Conference on African American History, University of Memphis, September 28-30, 2005
2004 - Served as a commentator for the 6th annual Graduate Conference on African American History, University of Memphis, September 9-11, 2004
2004 - Hosted table in College of Arts and Sciences fund raising dinner, titled “Great Conversations” April 22, 2004
| ACTIVITY | AGENCY/SOURCE | AMOUNT | PERIOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Joel Williamson Research Stipend | The Manuscripts Department at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, | $500.00 | 2003-2004 |
| Mellon Research Fellowship | Virginia Historical Society. | $600.00 | 2003-2004 |
| Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Fellowship | The Library Company of Philadelphia and the Historical Society of Pennsylvania | $1,600.00 | 2003-2004 |
| The Gilder Lehrman Fellowship | The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History | $4,000.00 | 2003-2004 |
| Focus Fellowship | The Georgia Institute of Technology | $1,000.00 | Spring 2002 |
| The Archie K. Davis Fellowship | The North Caroliniana Society of the North Carolina Collection, at the University Of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | $500.00 | Summer 2000 |
| ACTIVITY | AGENCY/SOURCE | AMOUNT | PERIOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sabbatical Leave (Professional Development Assignment) | The University of Memphis | $40,000.00 | 2008 |
| Donovan Travel Enrichment Award | University of Memphis | $500.00 | Spring 2008 |
| Faculty Enrichment Grant | University of Memphis | $4,000.00 | 2008 |
| Donovan Travel Enrichment Award | University of Memphis | $500.00 | Fall 2007 |
| Donovan Travel Award | University of Memphis | $500.00 | Summer 2007 |
| Faculty Research Grant | University of Memphis | $6,500.00 | Summer 2007 |
| Faculty Enrichment Grant | University of Memphis | $950.00 | Spring 2007 |
| History Department Enrichment Funds | Department of History, University of Memphis | $700.00 | Fall 2006 |
| Faculty Enrichment Grant | University of Memphis | $925.00 | Spring 2006 |
| Donovan Travel Award | University of Memphis | $500.00 | Fall 2005 |
| Faculty Enrichment Grant | University of Memphis | $2,000.00 | Spring 2005 |
| Early Career Research Grant | University of Memphis | $6,294.00 | Fall 2004 |
| Faculty Enrichment Grant | University of Memphis | $2,000.00 | Spring 2004 - 05 |
| Minority Faculty Recruiting and Retention Grant | Minority Faculty Recruiting and Retention Committee, The University of Memphis | $925.00 | Fall 2003 |
| Equal Employment Opportunity Committee | The University of Memphis | $1,940.25 | Fall 2003 |
| Research Excellence Grant | Bradley University | $4,000.00 | 2001-02 |
| Sabbatical Leave | Bradley University | $20,000.00 | 2001-02 |
| Intellectual and Cultural Activities Grant | Bradley University | 2,500.00 | Spring 2000 |
| Intellectual and Cultural Activities Grants | Bradley University | $3,000.00 | Spring 1998 |
| Intellectual and Cultural Activities Grants | Bradley University | $2,500.00 | Fall 1997 |
| Intellectual and Cultural Activities Grants | Bradley University | $5,329.00 | Spring 1996 |
| Intellectual and Cultural Activities Grants | Bradley University | $3,090.00 | Fall 1996 |
| PROJECT | PARTICIPANTS | PERIOD | SPONSORSHIP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recruitment Project | Attendants at Conference entitled “New Directions in American Indian Research Conference" | March 7 and 8, 2008 | University of North Carolina Chapel Hill |
| Great Conversations | Faculty from The University of Memphis, College of Arts and Sciences | March 27, 2008 | University of Memphis |
| Carter G. Woodson and the Origins of Multiculturalism | Staff of Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis | February 25, 2008 | Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis |
| "Mapping the Multiethnic and Cultural Heritage of African Americans in Bertie County" | Residents of Bertie County | February 2, 2008 | Education Program Committee, Historic Hope Foundation |
| Dissemination of Information about Indian Woods NEH Project | Indian Woods Community Leaders: Federal, State, and County Elected Officials; Community and Church Leaders, Educators, and Members of the Public | August 11, 2007 | University of Memphis, College of Arts and Sciences and the Historic Hope Foundation |
| Presented "Indian Woods: 400 Years of Recorded History" discussing potential for NEH funding for Indian Woods Project | Board of Directors of Historic Hope Foundation | April 16, 2007 | Historic Hope Foundation |
| Black History Month Lecture | Staff of Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis | February 25, 2007 | Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis |
| "Memphis State Eight Public Forum" | Scholars, and graduate students from around the nation, University students and members of the community | September 14, 2006 | The University of Memphis |
| Panelist for lecture series entitled, "Do Thugs go to College" | High School Seniors | March 20, 2006 | Empowered Men of Color and Melrose High School |
| The State of Black Affairs Town Hall | University of Memphis Students | March 15, 2006 | University of Memphis Black Graduate Student Association and The Covenant |
| "Celebrating Communities Attributing to Black Fraternal, Social, and Civic Institutions" | Staff of Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis | February 7, 2006 | Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis |
| Lecture on "The Niagara Movement and Today | Staff of Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis | February 25, 2005 | Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis and National Association of Blacks in Criminal Justice |
| Great Conversations | Donors to the College of Arts and Sciences of The University of Memphis | April 22, 2004 | University of Memphis, College of Arts & Sciences |
| Southern Festival of Books | Public | October 12, 2004 | Humanities Tennessee |
| High School Scholars Seminar | High School History Students | October 6, 2004 | University of Memphis - Department of History |
| Southern Festival of Books | Public | October 6, 2005 | Humanities Tennessee |
| Black History Month Program | Staff of Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis | February 26, 2004 | Federal Correctional Institution of Memphis |
| Black History Month Celebration "Readings in the Rotunda" | University of Memphis Students | February 8, 2004 | University of Memphis Black Student Association and The Covenant |
| High School Scholars Seminar. | High School History Students | November 13 2003 | University of Memphis - Department of History |
| "400 Hundred Year History of Indian Woods" | Indian Woods Baptist Church | February 2003 | Indian Wood Baptist Church and The Historic Hope Foundation |
| Lecture Series | Members of American Association of University Women | 1997-98 | American Association of University Women |
| Lecture Series | Prison Inmates | 1995-2003 | Illinois Department of Corrections |
| Member of Board of Directors | Peoria Tri-County Urban League | 1995-2003 | National Urban League |
| Community Lectures | Retired persons from central IL. | 1995-2003 | Institute for Learning in Retirement |
| The Illinois Articulation Initiative to create state wide history standards. | All Community Colleges, Private and Public Universities in the State of Illinois . | 1995-2003 | Illinois Board of Education |
| Bridge Counselor/ Coordinator for Upward Bound Program | High School Students | Summer, 1992 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| State Wide Upward Bound Conference | Upward Bound Programs from around the state. Hosted by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Summer 1989 | North Carolina Central University, Graduate Students Association |
| Bridge Counselor/ Coordinator for Upward Bound Program | High School Students | Summer, 1989 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| UNIVERSITY | COMMITTEE/ACTIVITY | PERIOD |
|---|---|---|
| University of Memphis - Vice Provost for Research | Arts & Humanities Faculty Research Grants Review Committee | 2008-2009 |
| North Carolina Central University | James E. Shepard Society | 2007-08 |
| University of Memphis | President's Society | 2007-08 |
| University of Memphis - College of Arts and Sciences | Graduate Studies Committees. | 2007 - 2008 |
| University of Memphis - Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change | Faculty Advisory Committee | Spring 2007 |
| University of Memphis - Vice President for Student Affairs | University Appeals Committee | 2006-2008 |
| University of Memphis - College of Arts and Sciences | Freshman Convocation Committee | 2006-2008 |
| University of Memphis - Department of History | Judge for Tennessee History Day Competition | 2005 |
| University of Memphis | Committee to Redesign Departmental Website (Chair) | 2005 |
| University of Memphis - Department of History | Program arrangement for Ohio Valley Historical Conference | 2004 |
| University of Memphis - Department of History | Tenure and Promotion Committee | 2003-08 |
| University of Memphis | Chairs Advisory Committee | 2003-08 |
| Bradley University | Teaching Learning Excellence Grant Review Committee | 2001-2003 |
| Bradley University | Minority Opportunities Committee (appointed by University President, Dr. David Broski) | 2001-2003 |
| Bradley University | Teaching Excellence Review Committee | 2001-2003 |
| Bradley University | Intercollegiate Athletic Committee (appointed by University President, Dr. David Broski | 2001-2003 |
| Bradley University | Faculty Grievance Committee | 2001-2003 |
| Bradley University | Research Excellence Committee | 2001-2003 |
| Bradley University | Task Force on Globalization and Diversification | 1997-1998 |
| Bradley University | Strategic Planning Committee | 1997-1998 |
| Bradley University | Bradley University Centennial Committee | 1997-1998 |
| Bradley University | Innovative Teaching Grants Review Committee | 1997-2003 |
| Bradley University | Search Committee for Assistant Professor of German History | 1996-1997 |
| Bradley University | Search Committee for the Oglesby Professorship in American History | 1996-1997 |
| Bradley University | Martin Luther King Celebration Planning Committee | 1995-1996 |
| Bradley University | Human Relations Task Force | 1995-1996 |
| Bradley University | American Studies Committee | 1995-2003 |
| Bradley University | Athletic Appeals Committee | 1995-2003 |
| North Carolina Central University | Institute on Desegregation | 1988-1990 |
| Bradley University | Lawrence Lecture Committee | 1995-2003 |
| Bradley University | Chair, African-American Studies Committee | 1995-2003 |
| Bradley University | American Studies Committee | 1995-2003 |
| Bradley University | Advisor Black Alumni Association | 1995-2003 |
| North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University | Co-organizer of the African-American Landscape Symposium | 1994 |
| The Ohio State University | Vice-President, Diop Historical Socitey | 1992-1993 |
| The Ohio State University | Treasurer, Jones Tower Committee | 1991-1992 |
| North Carolina Central University | Vice-Chair, Triangle Alliance of African-American Graduate and Professional Students (NCCU, Duke, NCSTU and UNC) | 1989-1990 |
| North Carolina Central University | President, North Carolina Central University. Graduate Student Association | 1989-1990 |
| North Carolina Central University | Search Committee for Dean of School of Education | 1989-1990 |
| North Carolina Central University | Judge for Essay Contest for Mt. Calvary United Church of Christ | 1989 |
| North Carolina Central University | NCCU Planning Committee | 1988-1990 |
| North Carolina Central University | Vice-President, E.E. Thorpe Historians Society | 1988-1990 |
| North Carolina Central University | Business Manger, North Carolina Central University, Graduate Students Association | 1988-1989 |
| North Carolina Central University | AFROTC, Volunteer Lenox Baker's Children's Hospital | 1987 |
| North Carolina Central University | Executive Board Member for NCCU Concert and Turing Choirs | 1986 -1988 |
| North Carolina Central University | AFROTC, Red Cross Volunteer | 1985-1986 |
| North Carolina Central University | AFROTC, Big Brother Volunteer | 1984-1987 |
| SOCIETY/ORGANIZATION/JOURNAL | COMMITTEE/EDITORIAL BOARD/OFFICE | PERIOD |
|---|---|---|
| Iroquois Conference | none | 2008 - 2009 |
| The Association for African American Historical Research and Preservation | none | 2008 - 2009 |
| Society for Military History | none | 2008-2009 |
| The Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture | none | 2007-2009 |
| Historic Hope Foundation | Education Program Committee | 2007 - 2009 |
| American Historical Association | none | Life Member |
| Association For The Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) | none | Life Member |
| Southern Historical Association (SHA) | Membership Committee | Life Member |
| Organization of American Historians | none | 2007-2008 |
| National Civil Rights Museum | Educational Advisory Board and Curriculum Committee | 2003-2008 |
| Library Company of Philadelphia | Fellow | 2001-2003 |
| Pennsylvania Historical Society | Fellow | 2001-2003 |
| Virginia Historical Society | Fellow | 2001-2003 |
| North Carolinana Society | Fellow | 2001-2003 |
| National Association of Hispanic and Latino Studies | Member Board of Directors | 1996-1997 |
| National Association of African-American Studies | Member Board of Directors | 1996-1997 |
| Tri-County Peoria Urban League | Member Board of Directors | 1995-2003 |
| Charlotte Mecklenburg Urban League | Member | 1993-1994 |
| Institute on Desegregation (Inter-institutional Research Group) | member | 1988-1990 |
| American Political Science Association | member | 1985-1988 |
| North Carolina Central University, Political Science Club | member | 1983-1988 |
| North Carolina Central University, Chess Club | member | 1883-1987 |
| Air force Reserve Officer Training Program | member | 1983-1987 |
| ORGANIZATION/COMPANY | PERIOD |
| Chowan University, Upward Bound Program | 2008 (Federal Upward Bound Grant Renewed for five years) |
| Educational Testing Service | 2007-2008 |
| Houghton Mifflin Publishing Co. | Spring, 2006 |
| Historic Hope Foundation | 2004-2008 |
| National Civil Rights Museum | 2003-2008 |
| Historic Hope Foundation | 2005 ( NEH Grant) |
| Chowan University, Upward Bound Program | 2003 (Federal Upward Bound Grant Renewed for five years) |
| Collegiate Press, Purdue University | 1999 |
| McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. | 1997-2008 |
| Academic Year (please indicate year) | Course # | Course Name | Credit Hours | Percent Taught | Enroll | Laboratory Supervised)/Instructed) | New Preparation (Y) /(N) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fall 2008 | 3881 | African-American History: From Slavery to Present | 3 | 100 | 165 | n | |
| Fall 2008 | 7880/8880 | African-American Historiography | 3 | 100 | 7 | n | |
| 1st Summer Session | 3881 | African-American History: From Slavery to Present | 3 | 100 | 30 | n | |
| Pre-summer 2008 | 2010 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 30 | n | |
| Spring 2008 | 7883/8883 | From Sugar to Cotton: Slavery to 1820 | 3 | 100 | 4 | y | |
| Spring 2008 | 3881 | African-American History From Slavery to Present | 3 | 100 | 165 | n | |
| Fall 2007 | 3881.03 | African-American History From Slavery to Present | 3 | 100 | 165 | y | |
| Fall 2007 | 4879/6879 | Africa to America | 3 | 100 | 30 | y | |
| Presummer 2007 | 2010 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 30 | n | |
| Spring 2007 | 2010.08 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 185 | n | |
| Spring 2007 | 2010.07 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 165 | n | |
| Fall 2006 | 7883/8883 | Readings in African-American History | 3 | 100 | 7 | y | |
| Fall 2006 | 4941/6941 | History of the American Indian | 3 | 100 | 35 | y | |
| Presummer 2006 | 2010.001 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 30 | n | |
| Spring 2006 | 2010 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 165 | n | |
| Spring 2006 | 2010 | United States to 1877 | 3 | 100 | 165 | n | |
| Fall 2005 | 8012 | Directed Readings-PhD | 3 | 100 | 1 | y | |
| Fall 2005 | 7996 | Thesis | 3 | 100 | 1 | y | |
| Fall 2005 | 2010 | US Before 1877 | 3 | 100 | 313 | n | |
| Fall 2005 | 7012 | Directed Readings-MA | 3 | 100 | 1 | y | |
| Spring 2005 | 7012 | Directed Readings-MA | 3 | 100 | 1 | y | |
| Summer 2005 | 7070 | Research Seminar | 1 | 100 | 1 | y | |
| Summer 2005 | 2010 | US Before 1877 | 3 | 100 | 42 | n | |
| Spring 2005 | 4881/6881 | African American History | 3 | 100 | 163 | y | |
| Spring 2005 | 2010 | US Before 1877 | 3 | 100 | 165 | n | |
| Spring 2005 | 8012 | Directed Readings-PhD | 3 | 100 | 1 | y |
| Advised and helped the membership of Graduate Association for African American History organize, plan and hold the 10th Annual Graduate Conference on African American History, September 14- 16, 2008. |
| Advised and helped the membership of Graduate Association for African American History organize, plan and hold the 9th Annual Graduate Conference of African American History September 12-13, 2007. |
| Advised and helped the membership of Graduate Association for African American History organize, plan and hold the 8th Annual Graduate Conference of African American History September 13-15, 2006. |
| Advised and helped the membership of Graduate Association for African American History organize, plan and hold the 7th Annual Graduate Conference of African American History September 28-30, 2005. |
| Books Being Revised for Publication At The Crossroads of Three Cultures: Indian Woods, North Carolina 1585 to 2008 (Book being revised for Publication) |
| Coulterville Illinois and Lyles Stations, Indiana (Book being revised for Publication) |
| The Tuscarora: A History of the Sixth Iroquois Nation (Book being revised for Publication) |
| Gone Up North By The River: A History of Peoria's Black Community (Book being revised for Publication) |
| Articles Being Revised for Publication Africans, Native -Americans, and Europeans in Early North Carolina History: A Reexamination of the Relationship Between Africans, the Tuscarora, and Whites in Eastern North Carolina 1650-1715 (Article being revised for publication in The North Carolina Historical Review) |
| White Gloves and Teapots: Training to be a Lady in The Diplomatic Corps 1929 to 1990. (Article being revised for publication in The Journal of Women's History) |
| Teaching the African Diaspora Through Maps: A New Approach to Integrating African-American History into the Curriculum (Article being revised for publication for the The History Teacher) |
| From Camp Butner to the South Pacific: A Northern Black Soldiers Letters About His Training and Experiences in North Carolina During World War II (Article being revised for publication in The North Carolina Historical Review) |
| Mapping Indian Woods, North Carolina in the 20th Century: The Transformation of a Rural Black Farming Community in Eastern North Carolina 1920 to 2008 (Article being revised for publication in the The Journal of Southern History) |
| Individual Research Grant, Tennessee Board of Regents Faculty Research and Diversity Grant, 50,000.00 2008 (not funded |
| Research Cluster Grant, Tennessee Board of Regents Faculty Research and Diversity Grant, 100,000.00 2008 (not funded |
| Research Cluster Grant, Tennessee Board of Regents Faculty Research and Diversity Grant, 10,000.00 2008 (not funded) |
| Preservation and Access Grant, National Endowment of the Humanities, 350,000.00 2008 (not funded) |
| Teaching and Learning Grant, National Endowment of the Humanities, 200,000.00 2008 (not funded) |
| Collaborative Research Grant, National Endowment of the Humanities, 300,000.00 2008 (not funded) |
| Digital Innovation Fellowship, National Endowment of the Humanities, 80,000.00 2008 (not funded) |
| Digital Humanities Fellowship, National Endowment of the Humanities, 75,400.00, 2008 (not funded) |
| Digital Humanities Start-up Grant, National Endowment of the Humanities, 30,000.00 2008 (not funded) |
| Council of Graduate Schools/Peterson's Inclusive Graduate Community Grant $2,500.00, University of Memphis 2007 (not funded) |
| Innovation to Excellence in Learning Grant University of Memphis, Fall of 2007, $30,000.00 (not funded) |
| Advanced Learning Center Single Investigator/Small Team Grant, $10,000.00 University of Memphis Fall of 2007 (not Funded) |
| Internal and External Fellowships and Research Grants (Applied For But Not Funded) Advanced Learning Center Innovation to Teaching Excellence in Learning Grant, University of Memphis Fall of 2007 $10,000.00 (not funded) |
| 2003 - The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Short-Term Residential Fellowship, John D. Rockfeller, Jr. Library, April 1, 2003 - $2,000.00 per month |
| 2003 - The Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, March 1, 2003 - $1,500.00 |
| 2003 - The W. B. H. Dowse Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, March 1, 2003 - $1,500.00 |
| 2003 - The African American Studies Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, March 1, 2003 - $1,500.00 |
| 2003 - Benjamin F. Stevens Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, March 1, 2003 - $1,500.00 |
| 2003 - Andrew Oliver Research Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, March 1, 2003 - $1,500.00 |
| 2003 - Andrew W. Mellon Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, March 1, 2003 - $1,500.00 |
| 2003 - Ford Foundation Fellowships for Minorities Programs, National Research Council of the National Academies, January 24, 2003, $30,000.00 |
| 2002 - National Humanities Center Fellowship, National Endowment for the Humanities, October 15, 2002 - $40,000.00 |
| 2003 - National Humanities Center Fellowship, National Endowment for the Humanities, April 28, 2003 - $40,000.00 |
| 2003 - Library Resident Research Fellowship, American Philosophical Society Library, March 1, 2003 - $3,000.00 |
| 2003 -Newberry Library Short-term Fellowship, Newberry Library, February 18, 2003, $1,600.00 per month |
| 2003 -Smithsonian Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship, January 15, 2003, $30,000.00 |
| 2003 - Visiting Academic Research Fellowship, American Antiquarian Society, January 15, 2003, $3,000.00 |
| 2003 - The J. Albert Beveridge Grant For Research in the History of the Western Hemisphere, American Historical Association, February 1, 2003, $1,000.00 |
| 2003 - The Michael Kraus Research Grant in the History, American Historical Association, February 1, 2003, $1,000.00 |
| 2003 -New England Regional Fellowship Consortium Fellowship, Massachusetts Historical Society, February 1, 2003 |
| 2003 - Franklin Collection Travel Grant, Special Collections Library, Duke University, January 15, 2003, $1,000.00 |
| 2003 -McNeil Center Postdoctoral Fellowship, A Consortium of Mid-Atlantic Institutions: American Philosophical Society, Bryn Mawr College, David Library of the American Revolution, Haverford College, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University, Lehigh University, Library Company of Philadelphia, Penn State University, Princeton University, Rider University, Rutgers University, Swarthmore College, Temple University, University of Pennsylvania, Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library, January 15, 2003, $30,000.00 |
| External Fellowships and Research Grants (Applied For But Not
Funded) 2003 - Phillips Fund for Native American Research, American Philosophical Society Library, March 1, 2003 - $3,000.00 |
| Indian Woods: At the Crossroads of Three Cultures There has been very little scholarly work done on the intersection of the histories of Native Americans, African Americans and Europeans. What exists has been done independently by scholars with fragmented emphasis on the individual histories of each group. No scholar has ever gathered together all the historical data from all sources and locations to reconstruct a comprehensive history of the historical interactions of all three groups. Nor has any scholar attempted what this work will do, which is to synthesize over four hundred years of American history in one area. This will not only allow students to see the community evolve over the past 400 years, it will also give students and scholars the ability to interact with the primary sources and access maps and additional information such as locations of archival data, photographs and material culture. The principal activities of this project will include arranging and describing archival and manuscript collections; cataloging collections of printed works, photographs, recorded sound, moving image, art, and material culture; and creating databases and electronic archives that correspond with and provide electronic and web-based access to the physical documents and historical artifacts. In so doing, we will attempt to consolidate the existing primary sources that attest to the long and rich history of Indian Woods, which is located in North Carolina. |
| This is an important project for several reasons. First, it will consolidate the fragmentary history of these three groups in eastern North Carolina and how they interacted with one another for the first time. This will give a clearer understanding of what happened to Native Americans in the Northeastern and Southeastern Woodlands. Second, the project will also introduce new digital technology, which will allow students of all levels (K-12, undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars) and community members to examine and interact with this history. Finally, this project will be an inter-institutional and interdisciplinary endeavor involving scholars and students from the history departments as well as the special collections departments of each of the institutional libraries at Duke University, East Carolina University, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Division of Archives and History, Raleigh, North Carolina, The Historic Hope House, The University of Memphis, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. As materials are identified and cataloged, Native sites such as villages, burial grounds, trading posts, ceremonial grounds and battle sites will be matched with documentary evidence that speak to their historical development and significance. As we explore and understand more about Indian Woods and the creolization that occurred there between European, African, and Indian cultures, we will begin to understand more about what it means to be American, Native American and African American. |
| This project uses maps, photographs, oral interviews, and archival materials to compile a detailed network of collections that cover over 400 years of recorded history. This work will serve as a model for how local histories can be reconstructed, preserved and made available to the public and should offer new historical insights as well as avenues and resources for further research into the relationships between Indians, Blacks, and Whites and how those relationships continue to impact America today. |
| The proposed project will attempt to consolidate into one major system the entire host of primary sources that reflect the 400 years of documented history that exists in Indian Woods, North Carolina. The collections will include an amalgamation of already cataloged collections from at least four different Universities throughout North Carolina and one in Tennessee as well as several uncataloged collections of documents, photographs, artifacts, which have been and are continually being gathered under the coordination of the Historic Hope House in North Carolina, in the process of researching the history of Indian Woods. Existing documents include papers, interviews, and artifacts from several families that have resided in the Indian Woods community throughout its history as well and records from several institutions such as churches, businesses and government offices. |
| The size of the collections are expected to continue growing through the period of the project, given ongoing research on Indian Woods that has had little precedent within that historical domain. Based on existing materials, the size of the collections reflects a combination of the holdings at the different institutions (see Appendix Sample Materials and Reports). |